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“Can machines think?” was the question raised back in 1950 by Alan Turing while contemplating a method for assessing machine intelligence. This groundbreaking idea laid the foundation for Artificial Intelligence (“AI”), which has since evolved from a theoretical concept into a powerful force shaping industries and daily life. Defining Artificial Intelligence Advancements in machine learning, deep learning, robotics, and natural language processing have propelled AI to the fo

India has formally entered the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) era with the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 now in force and the DPDP Rules, 2025 duly notified. Together, they establish a comprehensive statutory framework governing how digital personal data must be collected, processed, stored, and protected. This article analyses both the Act and the newly notified Rules highlighting key changes from earlier drafts and maps the practical implications f

Every transformative innovation disrupts existing market structures, and the rise of agentic AI represents one of the most profound shifts yet in the digital economy. Unlike generative AI that merely responds to user prompts, agentic AI is capable of autonomous reasoning, planning, and execution of complex tasks including purchasing goods on behalf of users. With AI-powered browsers such as ChatGPT’s Atlas and Perplexity’s Comet, the browser itself is no longer a passive inte

The article weighs the thought that over-regulation could stifle AI innovation, while under-regulation risks eroding privacy and public trust. Striking the right balance will define how responsibly and competitively India harnesses the power of artificial intelligence in the years ahead. 

In a significant development shaping competition enforcement in India, the Supreme Court recently delivered a detailed ruling in the case of CCI v. Schott Glass India Pvt. Ltd. This ruling solidifies the effects analysis principle within the framework of the Competition Act. It emphasizes the importance of a demonstrable objective justification in balancing commercial rationale with proven harm.

In 2024, the Indian antitrust regulator (CCI) had taken proactive stance on safeguarding market competition, issuing 11 prima facie orders and imposing penalties of INR 213.14 crore in total. Key developments include judicial recognition of private settlements, though legislative clarity is still awaited.

Guidelines on dark pattern have been notified on 30.11.2023 prohibiting any person or platform from engaging in any dark patterns practice. Compliance of these guidelines is important for the companies operating through consumer-facing applications/platforms.

In India’s rapidly evolving digital economy, the boundaries between competition law and data privacy law are becoming increasingly porous. Traditionally, data protection and antitrust frameworks operated in separate legal silos with one focusing on individual privacy rights and lawful processing of personal data, and the other on ensuring fair competition in the marketplace.